In this article, M.L. Hannuksela and S. Ellahham review the health effects and medical applications of sauna bathing, particularly focusing on its impact on cardiovascular, pulmonary, and musculoskeletal health. The research indicates that sauna use causes acute, transient cardiovascular and hormonal changes, but is generally safe for most healthy adults and children. Some studies suggest that long-term sauna bathing may lower blood pressure in hypertensive individuals and improve heart function, especially left ventricular ejection fraction, in patients with chronic congestive heart failure. Additionally, the authors note that sauna therapy may provide relief to patients suffering from asthma, chronic bronchitis, and rheumatic diseases by alleviating pain and improving joint mobility. While sauna bathing is not typically associated with harmful effects on fertility or pregnancy, certain contraindications, such as unstable angina pectoris and recent myocardial infarction, exist, underscoring the need for caution in specific cases.
The article also discusses the benefits and risks of infrared therapy within the context of sauna use. Infrared saunas, by promoting sweating and increasing circulation, have been shown to support the relief of symptoms in various conditions, including psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis, without drying the skin. However, caution is advised for individuals with certain skin conditions, such as atopic dermatitis, where sweating may exacerbate symptoms. Infrared heat therapy in saunas offers potential medical benefits, but the study emphasizes that more data is needed to confirm its effectiveness in conditions like hypertension and heart failure. The article also highlights the importance of avoiding alcohol consumption during sauna use, as it can increase the risk of complications such as hypotension and arrhythmia. The research was conducted by M.L. Hannuksela and S. Ellahham and published in The American Journal of Medicine.
